GPT-5.3-Codex vs GPT-5.5 for research skills

The verdict

Effectively a dead heat: 9795

Same 12 research skills tasks, marked blind by three rival labs. GPT-5.5 took 3 tasks, GPT-5.3-Codex took 1, 8 tied. Tested 16 Aug 2026.

Where they differed most

The task — Rank the sources

You are researching whether standing desks reduce back pain. Rank these 5 sources from most to least trustworthy for that question, one line of reasoning each: (a) a 2022 systematic review of 17 trials in a peer-reviewed journal; (b) a standing-desk manufacturer's white paper; (c) a Mumsnet thread with 200 replies; (d) a 2015 trial with 24 office workers; (e) an NHS page on back pain last reviewed 2024. Then say which ONE you would cite to a sceptical reader and why.

**Most → least trustworthy for “do standing desks reduce back pain?”**

1. **(a) 2022 systematic review of 17 trials** — Highest level of evidence here: it pools multiple studies, is peer-reviewed, and is recent.  
2. **(e) NHS back pain page (reviewed 2024)** — Very credible institution and up to date, but likely broader guidance rather than direct trial-level evidence on standing desks specifically.  
3. **(d) 2015 trial with 24 office workers** — Primary research and directly relevant, but small sample and older single-study design make find…
Most to least trustworthy for “do standing desks reduce back pain?”:

1. **(a) 2022 systematic review of 17 trials in a peer-reviewed journal** — Best evidence because it synthesizes multiple trials and is directly about effectiveness, reducing reliance on any one small study.  
2. **(d) 2015 trial with 24 office workers** — Direct experimental evidence, but small, older, and likely underpowered/generalizability-limited.  
3. **(e) NHS page on back pain last reviewed 2024** — Authoritative and current, but likely gives general back-pain advice…

Task by task

TaskGPT-5.3-CodexGPT-5.5
Make it answerable1010
Rank the sources109
Synthesise the disagreement99
Tear down the survey910
Correlation for the neighbour99
Plan the dig99
What you cannot cite1010
Structure the evidence1010
Ask without leading910
Two sources, head on1010
Primary or secondary910
Refuse the invented bibliography1010

Full receipts: GPT-5.3-Codex, GPT-5.5 · judges claude-sonnet-5, gemini-3.1-pro-preview, grok-4.5

Questions people ask

Which is better for research skills: GPT-5.3-Codex or GPT-5.5?

Effectively a dead heat: GPT-5.5 edged it 97/100 to 95/100 on our research skills suite — too close to matter, so pick on price or the product you already use.

How was this tested?

Both models answered the identical published research skills tasks. Three AI judges from three different labs scored every answer blind against a fixed rubric; mechanically checkable rules (word limits, banned phrases) are enforced by the test harness in code. The raw outputs and judge verdicts are downloadable.

More research skills head-to-heads: DeepSeek V4 Pro vs GPT-5.5 · DeepSeek V4 Pro vs GPT-5.3-Codex · GPT-5.5 vs GPT-5.6 Sol · GPT-5.3-Codex vs GPT-5.6 Sol · GPT-5.5 vs GPT-5.6 Luna · GPT-5.5 vs GPT-5.6 Terra

Full ranking: Best AI for research skills · model pages: GPT-5.3-Codex, GPT-5.5